Construction resources Essay Example for Free

Construction resources EssayConstruction resources make use of physics in many of their products. Two that I retain picked be solar collectors and their use of insutation. Insulators fork up the purpose of preventing conduction, convection and radiation to unwanted aras. There are a wide range of techniques and materials employ in doing this and I am going to look in depth at this idea. The company uses solar collectors in many different ways, their main purpose is to collect solar button and rut energy. They can be used to heat and power many different appliances.Photovoltaic cells Photovoltaic cells transfer the energy carried by the electromagnetic waves that make up sunlight immediately to an electrical circuit in order to make a current flow. Light excites electrons to move from one seam to an exploiter(a) through semi conductive silicon materials. Only a fraction of a volt is produced so a large array is indispensable to produce appreciable currents, usually abou t 20W to 100W. The Photovoltaic cells produce DC current so if alternate current AC is desired then an inverter is required.AC form is commonly available from the mains. Solar cells Sunlight may similarly be used to heat water directly. This can be done in two ways, water can be circulated through pipes which run through the back of the solar cells, producing water at around 60oC suitable for household use. The other method is to focus sunlight from a large are to a small spot using an array of mirrors, this can produce temperatures of up to 4000oC and its quite an feasible to produce power stations from this, however it has not been implemented yet.Here is on way in which the hot water can be used, this is quite scotch and environmentally friendly. Solar panels are quite versatile and can be put on many roofs of simply in the garden, which makes them public when it comes to heating swimming pools of hot water for showers. Any material that is a poor conductor of heat and elect ricity can be used as an insulator. Thermal insulating materials reduce the flow of heat between hot and cold regions.Thermal insulation may have to fulfill one or more(prenominal) of three functions to reduce thermic conduction in the material, in which heat is transferred by electrons to reduce caloric convection currents, which can be set up in air- or liquid-filled spaces and to reduce radiation heat transfer, in which thermal energy is transported by electromagnetic waves. These are three ways in which heat energy can be transferred. Conduction, where heat energy is transferred through solid materials, metals are normally the best conductors. There are a number of factors that affect thermal conduction.Increasing the area of the cross-section of the solid through which hear flows increases the rate of flow, however increasing the thickness of the wall decreases the flow of heat. Provided that a steady deposit has been reached (where the temperature of any point is not chang ing through time) then the rate of flow of heat ? Q/? t is given by ?Q/? t A ? T/? x Besides the physical dimensions of the materials, another factor affecting rate of flow is the properties of the material, the Thermal Conductivity of the materials ? through which the heat energy is travelling is the eonian of proportionality in this relationship, so?Q/? t = -? A ? T/? x The units for thermal conductivity are watts per metre per kelvin. The Quantity ?Q/? t is called the temperature gradient. On my gibber to Construction resources I noticed that they have used these Physical conclusions in there insulation. One in particular is Homatherm a wall and roof insulator. The slabs are thick which means less flow of heat, and have a thermal conductivity is only 0. 04 W/mK. Conduction in terms of particles The particles in metals and non-metals are arranged differently, which gives them their different characteristics.In a non-metal the particles have forces between them that can be descr ibed like springs. When heat is delivered to the solid the oscillations of the particles being heated leave behind increase in amplitude. For heat to be conducted the neighboring particles must also receive the extra energy, as particles oscillations increase in frequency the neighboring particles also gradually increase in frequency as heat is transferred to them. This is a very slow wreak. In a metal the arrangement is different, metallic augur occurs between metal atoms where a sea of delocalized electrons hold the positive metal ions together in a lattice.It is these free electrons that are responsible for the high conductivity character of metals. When a metal is heated the metals ions vibrate with an increase frequency. When an electron hits these ions with extra energy, they receive this extra energy and move faster. This electron can then travel to another parts of the lattice, to an ion that hasnt received any of this heat energy and collide with it, transferring its ene rgy to this ion. Now that ion has extra energy and vibrates with a greater frequency. This process is a lot faster as there are many electrons in a metal lattice.U-Values Architects and heating engineers use U-Values to calculate the flow of heat energy through building materials. The U-Values is quoted for a given thickness of a particular material, and is based on actual measurements made using the material. The U-Value is defined as U-value = Rate of energy flow Area X Temperature difference Construction resources uses this knowledge of U-Values when designing building materials to reduce the energy wasted in the form of heat going out of the build and to achieve the ultimate goal of reducing CO2 emissions.But there are obvious limitations with reducing thermal conductivity, you can only reduce it to a certain amount, 0. 025 in air, so there will always be heat loss. Also too oft insulation in the house will lead to what construction resources refers to as internal pollution. Th is has lead to construction resources researching in trying to lower the energy that is used to build and transport he construction materials. Bibliography Microsoft Encarta Heinemann Advanced Science Salters Horners AS Advanced Physics Strengths and Limitations of Photovoltaic cellsSince one photovoltaic cell only produces a small fraction of a volt, large arrays are required to produce appreciable voltages. This requires a lot of space and the cells need to be in a place where no shadows will be cast on them. This limits what they can be used for. Also the amount of power produced by the photovoltaic cells directly depends on the amount of sunlight, so they cannot be relied on to produce power for nearthing that constantly needs it. The only way this can be overcome is if some power was stored for a rainy day. But this again would take up space.Also an array of solar collector will be expensive and have a long pay back time. However it is environmentally friendly and after the pa y back time, savings can be made. Also photovoltaic cells can be made look attractive depending on where they are placed. Strengths and Limitations of solar cells The solar cells have similar limitations to the photovoltaic cells in regards to positioning and personify but a small array is only required to produce enough hot water for something like residential showers or central heating. This is economical and environmentally friendly and solar cells are quite versatile.

International markets small business in USA Essay Example for Free

International markets small furrow in USA EssayInternational markets small business in USAIntroduction hypothesis bang-upists invest massive of money to companies that want to expand but have no enough access to public funds. They are willing to invest in such companies because they earn massive benefit when the company succeeds. Consequently, venture capitalists look for firms with strong management staff, large markets and unique goods with high competitive advantage ( portmanteau word Gladstone 2004). They are driven by the desire to own a large portion of the company so that they can influence its direction. International markets are intricate due to their vast geographical coverage in the worlds rapidly changing and growing nations. The basics for international markers ranging from diverse culture and languages, handling issues related to business ethics, selection of distribution and global marketing channels and international communication. They are the key issues th at guide the operationality of worldwide markets (Omar, Abduh, Sukmana, 2013) This situation represent personal and professional dilemma where by the personal and professional interests that are simultaneously conflicting. I will use the principles of ethical decision making process seek supervision ego mirror image and illumination of the process will also consider legal obligation that supersedes my professional and personal ethics (Wueste,1994). I will burble both the boss and supervisor to examine their feeling about my situation as that pertain my professional ethics. The small businesses are important in US economy in many aspects. They employ many people, actually about the half of the total workforce in there a key in driving the economy as opposed to giant multi-billion dollar companies (White House Committee on Small Business, 1962).They are instrumental in stabilizing forces in the economy .the owners are backbone for creativity innovation production and value creatio n in United States. The small business is actually what stimulates the economy.ReferencesGladstone, D., Gladstone, L. (2004). Venture capital investing The complete handbook for investing in private businesses for outstanding profits. Upper Saddle River, NJ Prentice Hall/Financial TimesOmar, A., Abduh, M., Sukmana, R. (2013). bedrock of Islamic money and capital markets. Singapore John WileyWhite House Committee on Small Business (U.S.). (1962). Small business in the American economy Its contributions and its problems and the role of the Federal Government. Washington.Wueste, D. E. (1994). Professional ethics and social responsibility. Lanham, Md Rowman and Littlefield.Source document

Several 300 Word Articles English Language Essay

Several ccc Word Articles English Language EssayThe e artistic creationh was corrupt before theology and filled with crime. paragon saw the earth, and saw that it was corrupt, for all living bes had perverted their ways on the earth.If it were you, how will you paint a picture of The Flood? The famous Bible bill has been numerously portrayed as the end of the world or the future of the world. Movies often focus on the repentance aspect, on making you feel guilty and on believing on the hope of life symbolized by Noahs ark. Inspiring as it may seem, it takes away the topic at hand the flood. Lego came up with something no slight than extraordinary.In the first few chapters of the Book of coevals, you will read the part where Adam and Eve realized they were naked and they tried to hide from God. Of course God caught them and banished them from paradise, however, if you try to focus on the prior, where Adam and Eve realized something and they tried to hide it, youll realize now t hat the execute is just human nature. That action has frame a human trait that was passed on to one soulfulness across history to us. We must understand what Adam and Eve felt past, we wouldnt want to be caught naked by our p bents, much worse, naked and making love with someone, do we?Now, if God went away for a business trip and we were left alone, what will we do? Stay home and do nonhing? I guess not. And that was how it was like during the time of the flood. Lets say God focused on separate matters and when the time came that He went back home to check on His children, what He saw was something too grave that he brought about the flood. The Bible was a little figurative with its description. Lego was literal.Lego captured critical elements that show people doing something against nature. This includes drinking too much, gambling, fighting or killing each other (whatever reason that may be), cutting down trees, whatever was pictured as wrong between couples (girl-boy and boy-boy) and whatever that man is doing with the lego sheep.This is a tv camera moment you wouldnt want to be part of, plain if you ar guilty. This is like universe part of a you got busted program. And we all know what happened next, the flood came and we are alive.300 words on http//www.thebricktestament.com/genesis/cain_and_abel/gn04_01a.htmlTalk about how flesh out the creations are and then give a background on who Cain and Abel are.The good thing about the Bible is there is nothing malicious about what was being described. in that location is just the natural course of eve offts. Adam and Eve was banished from Paradise and had to learn about life the hard way, they must have been really stressed with their situation. It was and so a blessing, they had each other.Adam and Eve had sex as was depicted by the bricks and as yettually, Eve bore a son they named Cain. The bricks captured a very detailed description. It portrayed the closest home possible at that time. It inc luded fire which Adam and Even used to keep them warm and to cook aliment. It has a pet, a horse and the house seemed to be surrounded by trees and very near running water. If we were to follow the story, the place is conducive to raise a child. Their joy was even greater when they were blessed with some other son, whom they named Abel. But the joy was to be cut short.The Brick Testament captured the story of Cain and Abel clearly without amiss. The bricks were arranged delicately showing abundant crops and fruits as well as a flock of sheep with horses, a cow and a goat which shall help one see that Cain became a farmer or crap of the soil and that Abel became a shepherd. The bricks couldnt portray the fire just now the next scene depicted the brothers giving God their offering. Even God was portrayed as a figure in the Brick Testament. He favored Abels offering which frontd Cain much distress to the point that he has killed his brother.The Bricks were arranged in a storyboar d display. If it can be do into modern animation, it wouldnt be short of scenes. The picture where Cain has killed Abel was very animated. The axe on Cains hand and that expression on his face, with Abel on the floor face down with a little red around him to signify the neckcloth was a perfect rendition of the scene. The angle at which the pictures were taken adds focus to the characters depicted in the story.Genesis Chapter 4 couldnt be more(prenominal) clear and detailed than the way the Brick Testament presented it.300 words on Lego South ParkSouth Park has degraded gained its popularity since it was first aired in the 90s. Its considered cartoons for a mature audience focusing on nasty humor amongst four kids. Opening its upcoming 14th season, its instead fitting to consider, where does Lego come in play?Lego enthusiasts have begun exploring building South Park characters from their bricks. Although Lego hasnt come up of a South Park themed transcription, Lego enthusiasts are but excited to push the concept and share their talent.Eric CartmanEric Cartman is considered the antagonist of the series. He seems to be a sociopath behaving as if hes against everything else outside of himself and he Kyle and Kenny (the two other primary(prenominal) characters in the series). The article doesnt say who built this Lego art but it seemed to be almost a life-size of Eric Cartman. The pale colors of his hat and shirt was eventually captured, as well as his pale scrape color. His obese soundbox was obvious, as well as his big midsections and half-opened mouth. The Lego piece, however, did not capture the die cheeks that Eric has. In a way, he looks malnourished but the display is nothing short of wonderful.Kenny McCormickOh my God, they killed Kenny You bastards This is a phrase often associated to Kenny McCormick at the South Park series. He seemed to have a habit of nett in almost all episodes but managing to return alive on the succeeding ones. His deat hs are usually down-to-earth and each time, Stan or Kyle manages to point of reference the phrase mentioned already. After his death, rats suddenly appear to eat his corpse. His deaths however, were cut short as another character was given more prime, Butters.The Lego depicting Kenny captures the parka hood he wears as well as his partially covered face. The Lego captured him with an axe piercing his skill and is in the process of dying because the rats are already gnawing his brain and his system. It does look violent but this is exactly Kennys role in South Park, up until the 6th episode at least.Butters stintingIn the South Park series, Butters, generally replaced Kennys character and has often become the subject of Erics exploits. He rarely complains and maintains a mild temperament until he assumes another character later on.The Lego piece captures everything about Butters Scotch, from the hair, centre of attentions, clothes, shoes, even the skin color. It was an amazing L ego piece standing 12 inches tall. It looks even recrudesce than the plush toy.Sourceshttp//www.mocpages.com/moc.php/5291http//www.trendhunter.com/photos/47942/1http//granturismomh.deviantart.com/art/Lego-South-Park-131424068200 words on http//www.dpreview.com/news/1002/10022301ricohgxrmodules.aspSerious photographers will be glad to know that Ricoh has announced an addition to its recent GXR Camera System. The GXR Camera System allows a photographer to mix and match camera units (lens, image sensor and image processing engine) and as the new system gains its popularity, Ricoh decides to further enhance and maximise the GXR Camera Systems potential.Camera unit RICOH LENS P10 28-300 mm F3.5-5.6 VCThe unit primarily, offers a wide-angle zoom combined with 120 frame/second high-speed dogging shoot. The addition of the back-illuminated sensor allows shooting from low light to bright light without sacrificing image quality. Tentative release is summer 2010.Camera unit GR LENS A12 28m m F2.5This camera uses a combination of a specific CMOS sensor and GR ENGINE II image processing producing high definition pictures with smooth tone gradations. It also offers a manual focus ring that is important in specific focus adjustments. Tentative release is Winter 2010.Final NoteRICOH LENS P10 29-300 mm F3.5-5.6 is exhalation to be available for display from March 11 to March 14 at Tokyo, Japan. Product names and specifications may change until final product release. Reviews are available contrasting GXR System to that of SLR and DSLR Cameras. The pros and cons are still immature for GXR is still relatively young in the photography scene. The prices are high and may even be outrageous for some but the equipment is nothing short of excellent and only worthy of serious photographers who are not afraid to try something new. otherwise article source http//www.ricoh.com/r_dc/gxr/features.html200 words on http//www.dpreview.com/lensreviews/canon_100_2p8_is_usm_c16/Canon EF 100mm F2.8L IS USM MACROCanon developed a Hybrid Image Stabilizer around July of last year and has released during the last quarter of the same year, the first macro telephoto lens that shall help improve shots taken at closer distance or macro-shooting. The Hybrid IS technology optimizes image quality by preventing errors caused by camera shake. Blurred images are thus minimized.Canon EF 100mm F2.8L IS USM MACRO, primarily offers the Hybrid IS technology and from the border itself, a 100mm focal length, ideal for close-up and macro shots. Its other features seem to be geared on helping photographers take shots in a smaller distance, even without the need of a tripod as the new technology should help minimize the errors caused by the camera shakes.Reviews regard the Canon EF 100mm F2.8L IS USM MACRO as an optional investment. part it gives exceptional impressions for most of the features the lens offer, it does not seem to do justice to the press release about the Hybrid IS Technology. Seemingly a work in progress, we can only expect the best from the succeeding line of products from Canon.Other article source http//www.dpreview.com/news/0907/09072207canonhybridis.asp200 words on http//ezinearticles.com/? cowpoke-Fashion-Dosid=208698 (do not mention brand names)If you have watched The Good, the Bad and the Ugly (or any of those Cowboy films that star Clint Eastwood), Back to the Future Part III or perhaps Shanghai Noon, then you must have an idea how Cowboy attire can be said to be both a classic and at the same time, a fashion trend.Lets take cowpoke hats, for example. Straw rodeo rider hats are most popular for its price, convenience and practicality. Usually, light colored and should be worn on summer or dry seasons, straw cowboy hats allow the person to feel comfortable with such an airy form of cowboy hat. Wool, fur and felt cowboy hats are usually blackened colored and are worn on winter or dark seasons. These help protect the person by memory their hea ds warm. Cowboy hats, therefore, are seasonal, and in terms of fashion, should be used according to tradition, culture and trend. whatever of the most important things about cowboy hats areCowboy hats are worn in public places, not at home nor in a church.Cowboy hats are used to show respect to women, officials and even church officials.Do not wear white cowboy hats after Labor day.Do not take or wear your cowboy hat in a dining table.300 words on How to get rid of eyebags the natural wayEver heard someone tease you for being unable to sleep based on the dark circles on your eyes and you just say, yes? Then, you might be in for a long lecture. A habitual misconception about eyebags is that it is caused by lack of sleep. Eyebags is a collective word pertaining to anything under the eye swell-like or puffy area, actual bags, dark circles and even, shadows and they are not simply caused by lack of sleep.Eye bags are generally caused by age and improper diet and lifestyle. It is theor ized that age makes you body weak and this includes the ligaments that hold the little plenteous under the eye area and as a result, pushes the fat forward causing the bag. Another theory is eating too much salty food which retains water while another is lack of exercise and body rest which makes the body weaker and thus repressd blood circulation. Nasal allergies may also cause under-eye puffiness.Plastic surgery or blepharoplasty is the fastest way to remove eye bags. Botox and face lifts are often considered as part of the procedure. On the other hand, there are other natural ways to get rid of eyebags.(1) Proper Diet, Exercise and Sleep. Any form of ailment is usually a result of abuse on the body. Treating the body will help treat the problem. Avoid salty food, exercise to remove excess salt and fat and give your body enough time to recuperate by sleeping at least 8 hours a day. Drinking plenty of liquids will also help reduce salt and fat in the body. Minimize smoking and al cohol and eat food rich in Vitamin K and Vitamin E.(2) Relax the eye area. Massage the eye area by gently tapping the eye area with your finger tips. This will increase blood circulation and relax your eye muscles a bit. Do at least once a day. You may also apply a frigidness compress to help minimize the swelling and relax your eye further. Usual frigidity compress regiments are potato slices, cucumber slices, back of the spoon, tea bags and or flower leaves. Do at least once a day, leaving the cold compress 10-15 minutes with your eyes closed.(3) Apply an eye cream with Vitamin K and Retinol or use under eye treatment available in drugstores. This is not ultimately natural but is based on natural products. You may also extract the liquid from Vitamin E capsules and place them over your eye (eyes closed) to help reduce eye bags.The key to a successful natural treatment is discipline. The natural way is something that is done in a regular foundation and is not a one or two-session treatment compared to the surgery option. It does not deliver immediate results but does help a person become good for you(p) in totality, not just for the purposes of removing the eye bags.Sourceshttp//www.scienceline.org/2008/10/13/ask-peretsman-eye-under-bags/http//women.webmd.com/features/banish-the-bags-under-your-eyeshttp//www.trap17.com/index.php/Cheap-Natural-Methods-Rid-Eyebags_t62170.htmlhttp//www.wikihow.com/Get-Rid-of-Black-Circles-Under-Your-Eyeshttp//www.getridofthings.com/get-rid-of-bags-under-eyes.htm200 words on how to get rid of dark circles under the eyesSome people say that the concern over the dark circles under the eyes is purely aesthetic. Some attribute it to the amount of work and stress a person undergoes, while some others simply treat it as a fact of life. The truth is the dark circles under the eyes are irregularities. They are no diametrical from flab or belly pouches, double chins or cellulite on the hips or thighs. In umteen ways, it maybe purely aesthetic and simply, a means to adapt to the crude notion of a beautiful body but in this regard, it will be purely about health.Dark circles under the eyes, theoretically speaking, occur callable fat accumulation. As a person ages, the fat is pushed outward, thereby causing shadows or circles under the eye. On the other hand, there are other reasons wherefore this happen or why this worsens over time. This includes allergies, lack of sleep and rest, stress, improper diet and lack of exercise.Some common ways to get rid of dark circles under the eyes are(1) Balanced diet, regular exercise and enough sleep.(2) Applying eye cream and/or moisturizer. Choose creams that are high in Vitamin K, Vitamin E and/or Retinol.(3) Cucumber slices or Potato slices for 10-15 minutes, in the morning. Rinse off with warm water afterwards.(4) Cold compress and minor massage to improve blood circulation.(5) Proper makeup not a permanent way to get rid of dark circles but may come in handy. Do not use bright or light colored make-up as it makes the dark circles more visible. Use foundation first and if the dark circles do not improve, apply a concealer that is one to two shades darker than your foundation. Peach or salmon-color usually does the trick.Additional Sourceshttp//women.webmd.com/features/banish-the-bags-under-your-eyes?page=4http//www.ultimate-cosmetics.com/dark-circles.htm200 words on How to white your SkinOne classic fairy tale has told us that long black hair and white skin makes the fairest of all women. Its been many years since and many of us still believe in fairy tales and the idea that a fair skin makes a woman beautiful.Some of the common ways to colour your skin are(1) Proper diet and vitamins. The skin reflects how healthy a person is. Minimize your salt and carbohydrate intake, drink more water (over quinine water or carbonated drinks) and eat plenty of fruits. Vitamin D and Vitamin E helps nurture and protect the skin. Get plenty or enough sleep t o help the body recuperate.(2) Use available skin care products including whitening lotion, moisturizers and sunscreen lotion. Be reminded that sunscreen lotion helps protect the skin as you use other regimens. also much sunscreen lotion doesnt help in whitening skin.(3) Some facial wash or soaps have active ingredients that trigger peeling or exfoliation. Some contains Salicylic Acid which is good at bleaching. Be sure to consult your dermatologist as even if these products are properly tested before it reached the market, a persons skin type may not be appropriate to the regimen chosen.(4) Wash your face with a mixture of milk and lemon juice. Milk makes the skin supple and fresh and the little bleach makes the skin fairer while lemon enhances the procedure because of its natural acidity.(5) You may also use papaya juice. Apply it on the skin, let it stay for 10 to 20 minutes and rinse off.(6) Other natural methods may be combined with one and the other to achieve better results. You may use a tomato and lime juice mask, honey or Aloe vera as a moisturizer or Olive oil with granulated sugar for exfoliation.(7) Doctor/dermatologist procedures such as chemical peel or skin bleaching.Bear in mind that beauty must not be misconstrued. Amongst many, being healthy is always better than adapting to the what is believed to be beautiful. Scientifically speaking, whiter skin means lower melanin production and thus, higher risk to skin problems. Moderation is the key.Sourceshttp//www.howtoall.com/Healthfiles/howtowhitenyourskin.htmhttp//www.beautytips.ayurvediccure.com/body-basics/skin-whitening.htmhttp//www.ehow.com/how_4743915_whiten-skin-naturally.htmlhttp//www.blurtit.com/q327498.htmlhttp//www.thriftyfun.com/tf695424.tip.html300 words on Lego Cowboys (if you will be talking about pictures of Lego minifigs, please supply me with the URL at the end of your article)Lego has consistently come up with dissimilar themes that appeal to the general public both the kids and the kids at heart. Although it is fitting to say that the theme usually rides whatever is common at the time, the Wild West remain wild and alive with the Lego System Cowboys minifligs.Sheriffs Showdown is an adaptation of a criminal chase in the wild west. With just enough pieces to set the imaginary cowboy feel, the bad-ass looking bandit and the clean and awarded cowboy sheriff minifligs completes the set with a very elegant touch of realism.Covered Wagon is a simple system, primarily capturing a transport theme. The gymnastic horse Lieutenant miniflig completes the set together with the horse lego, wheels and the pieces that shall comprise the wagon.If you want to complete an ideal event, try to combine Sheriffs Showdown with Sheriffs Lock-up. Sheriffs Lock-up creates the jail wear upon set-up as in this system, there are 2 bandits and only 1 soldier which is the sheriff. Another cowboy miniflig is included but that can be tough as a casualty during a jail break. This s hall add tons of fun in the Lego Cowboy world.Bandits Secret Hide-Out is all about crime never paying. From the title itself, the hide-out is supposed to keep out everyone else and with the 3 bandits outnumbering the 2 soldiers in minifligs number, this is the bandits turf. No harm can come to them with their guns, canons and tower-like hole.Whats a cowboy theme without the banking concern robbery? Gold City Junction captures this concept perfectly, situating only 2 soldier minifligs which includes the sheriff and 4 cowboys including the banker and the bandit. Conspiracy is the key. The theme is set in major action with bricks and pieces that connote a shoot-out or perhaps a run too common for the Wild.Fort Legoredo is the ultimate Cowboy themed Lego System. Coming with 10 minifligs and over viosterol pieces to set-up a police headquarters, the set encourages many action-packed possibilities. The watch tower at the back and the two towers in front are great look-out standpoint. Th e spacious headquarters, the prison and the stable inside Fort Legoredo are also good areas of action. Generally, the 4 bandits will not stand a chance over the 6 Cavalry soldiers properly positioned in the system however, with great imagination, that picture can be reversed.The Lego System Cowboys Sets were first released in 1996. It was re-issued recently and is still considered a valuable ingathering item.Sourceshttp//www.brickset.com/detail/?Set=6712-1http//www.brickset.com/detail/?Set=6716-1http//www.brickset.com/detail/?Set=6755-1http//www.brickset.com/detail/?Set=6761-1http//www.brickset.com/detail/?Set=6765-1http//www.brickset.com/detail/?Set=6769-1

Effectiveness of Contrast Bath on Level of Neuropathy Pain

Effectiveness of Contrast Bath on Level of Neuropathy trouble oneselfDISCUSSIONThe study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of contrast bath on train of neuropathy pain among clients with diabetes mellitus attending diabetic outpatient department.This chapter discusses in detail the finding of the epitome in relation to the objectives and hypotheses of the study. The following were the objectives of the study and further discussion will exemplify how these objectives were satisfied and how the hypotheses was rejected based on the result of the study.5.1 Description of the demographic variables of the patients in observational and assure group.In experimental group and control group, with regard to the age in years,11(36.67%) were in the age group of 50 to 59 years, 19(63.33%) were female and 25 (83.33%) belongs to Hindu religion. With regard to the educational status,13(43.33%) were non literate, 21(70%) were unemployed and 15 (50%) had family income of Rs.2,000-Rs.5,0 00 per month .With regard to the epoch of diabetes mellitus , 14(46.67%) belongs to more than 5 years, 13(43.33%) had neuropathy pain with the duration of 5.2 The first base objective was to assess and compare the pre and post interrogation train of neuropathy pain among the experimental and control group.The analysis in figure 4.2.1 showed the pretest take aim of neuropathy pain, in experimental group , 22 (73.33%) had severe aim of neuropathy pain , 8 (26.67%) had moderate level of neuropathy pain and none of them had mild level of neuropathy pain. Whereas in the control group, 18 (60%) had moderate level of neuropathy pain, 12 (40%) had severe level of neuropathy pain and none of them had mild neuropathy pain.The analysis in the figure 4.2.2 shows the post test level of neuropathy pain, inexperimental group 30 (100%) had mild level of neuropathy pain , and none of themhad moderate and severe level of neuropathy pain. Whereas in the control group, 18(60%) had moderate level of neuropathy pain, 12 (40%) had severe level of neuropathy pain andnone of them had mild neuropathy pain.The analysis in table.4.3.1 findings inferred that when comparing the pre test and posttest level of neuropathy pain inside the experimental group the pre-test compressed value was 81.20with SD of 7.54 and the post test mean value was 21.93 with SD of 5.44. The calculated tvalue 41.671 was higher than the table value which indicated that at that place was a high statistical evidential difference in the pre and post test level of neuropathy pain among experimentalgroup at pthe level of neuropathy pain.The analysis in table 4.3.2 findings inferred that comparing the pre test and post test level of neuropathy pain within the control group, the pre-test mean value was 74.67 with SD of 6.79 and the post test mean value was 72.73 with SD of 7.15. The calculated t value 2.001 was higher than the table value which indicated that there was a low statistical significant difference in th e pre test and post test level of neuropathy pain among control group at pThe above findings were undifferentiated with the experimental study conducted by Jessica Marsh, (2014) to contend the effectiveness of contrast bath among clients with sprains and strains in the ankle and foot at a massage centre, Halifax, Cannada. Investigator did contrast bath alternatively use spicy water with 36-38 degrees C(3 transactions) and cold water with 4-21 degrees C(10 seconds to 1 minute) for 3 cycles, always ending with cold. The study result reported that there was a reduction in the level of pain in the ankle and foot.The above study findings were consistent with the quasi experimental study conducted by Gormans JM et al (2011) to assess the effectiveness of hydrotherapy among 20 diabetes mellitus clients with foot pain who were admitted in a medical ward were randomly selected. Foot immersion was done in hot water for 3 legal proceeding and cold water for 30 seconds, alternating for 3 cy cles. The study finding revealed that there was reduction in foot pain which was noticed by victimization numerical pain scale.Hence the null hypotheses NH1 stated earlier that there is no significant difference between the pre-test and post-test level of neuropathy pain among the experimental and control group at prejected.5.3 The second objective was to compare the pre-test and post test level of neuropathy pain between the experimental and control groupThe analysis in table 4.3.3 findings inferred that in the pre test , the level of neuropathy pain for the experimental group the mean value was 81.20 with SD of 7.54 and mean value for control group was 74.67 with SD of 6.79. The calculated unexpended t value 3.526 at pThe analysis in table 4.3.4 findings inferred that in post test , the level of neuropathy pain for the experimental group the mean value was 21.93 with SD of 5.44 and mean value for control group was 72.73 with SD of 7.15. The calculated unpaired t value was 30.964 at pThe findings of the study was supported by, Donna E. Breger Stanton et al (2012) conduced a systematic review among 28 clinical research articles on contrast bath from 1938 onwards in which 10 met the inclusive criteria set by the authors to recognise the effectiveness of contrast bath on diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis and diabetes ,to address the physiological changes of hot and cold on blood flow, intramuscular temperature, subcutaneous temperature, the order of room temperature , pain and age. The definitive conclusions was made that the contrast bath increases superficial blood flow and skin temperature in foot which relieves pain.The above study findings were consistent with an experimental study conducted by Nick grantham (2008) to know the effectiveness of contrast bath among 60 clients with diabetes foot attending foot clinic at china.They took 30 minutes for each client to provide the intervention. The temperature of the hot water was 35-40 degree C for 3-4 minutes and cold water was 10-15 degree C for 3-4 times.they concluded the study as contrast bath stimulates the nervous system because brain has to receive and recognise two different types of information(hot and cold), the changes in temperature may also help in cut down pain.The conceptual framework based on Wiedenbachs Helping Art of Clinical Nursing Theory guided the researcher to accomplish the study. The investigator sensed the need of implementing the contrast bath on level of neuropathy pain among clients with diabetes mellitus. The intervention which includes immersion of lower extremities in warm and cold bath for a duration of 20 minutes( 5 cycles).The clients with diabetes mellitus attending diabetic outpatient department were the recipient in the study, the investigator identified the need by assessing the pretest level of neuropathy pain using Galer Neuropathy chafe Scale and prescribed contrast bath to minister the need of the clients with diabetes mellitus. The goal was to reduce the level of neuropathy pain through the means of contrast bath for 20 minutes(5 cycles). The investigator validated the need by assessing the post test level of neuropathy pain using Galer Neuropathy Pain Scale which revealed that there was reduction in the level of neuropathy pain among clients with diabetes mellitus. The researcher enhanced the contrast bath for those who revealed significant improvement and gave reinforcement for those with insignificant improvement of level of neuropathy pain.Hence the null hypotheses NH2 stated earlier that there is no significant difference in the pre-test and post-test level of neuropathy pain between the experimental and control group at prejected.5.4 The third objective was to brother the selected demographic variables with the mean differed level of neuropathy pain among clients with diabetes mellitus in the experimental and control group.The analysis in table 4.4.1 findings inferred that in the experimental group the analysi s using ANOVA revealed a low statistical significance with regard to family income at pHence the null hypotheses NH3 stated earlier that there is no significant association of selected demographic variables with the mean differed level of neuropathy pain among clients with diabetes mellitus in experimental and control group at prejected for family income per month and accepted for wholly other selected demographic variables such as age, gender, occupation, religion, educational status, duration of diabetes mellitus and neuropathy pain, treatment for diabetes mellitus and suffering from any co morbid illness in the experimental group. The null hypotheses NH3 was accepted for all the selected demographic variables in the control group.The above discussions clearly represent that there has been a statistically significant impact of contrast bath on level of neuropathy pain among clients with diabetes mellitus. This draws conclusion for the study that contrast bath can be used as an ef fective intervention by the neuro guards, community health nurse, nurse educator, nurse administrator, nurse researcher and health care professionals in reducing the level of neuropathy pain among clients with diabetes mellitus.

Embracing The Obsession With Reality Television Media Essay

Embracing The Obsession With Reality Television Media EssayMany understands which have gained study popularity in this era argon based on worldly concern idiot box. My family is follo bring forwardg the goggle box set render Bigg Boss hysteric onlyy and this crops me wonder most the obsession with human race video recording and its origins. When I think intimately it, I myself am unable to resist these shows, becoming a devout follower of shows worry Ameri squirt Idol, So You theorise You Can Dance, Top Chef and galore(postnominal) others. This makes me want to know, what is it that has up to now caused me to become obsessed with human conformation television, like so many others. Obsession is the domination of ones thoughts or feelings by a persistent idea, image, desire, etc (Obsession) and unlike many portion out it, is non necessarily bad. Thus, what I want to do is to completely understand the reasons behind this obsession with reality television, proving that it is good for bulk to watch these shows rather than ignoring them. To incubate this obsession, we have to go all over why most citizenry relate to reality television, while others watch these shows for enjoyment, fascinating characters and skills, socializing and dateing.Reality television is a genre of television programming in which the fortunes of real life people (as opposed to fictional characters played by actors) are followed (Reality television). The first reality television show was Candid Camera which came out in 1948 and has been called the granddaddy of the reality TV genre (Rowen). Candid camera was a hidden camera show in which pranks were pulled on random people to catch their reactions, but no one at that beat would have called it a reality television show or imagine the impact it would have on the future. Since indeed, reality television has evolved into many sub genres, such as game shows, talk shows, dating shows and many other forms. Even when it came out, reality television gained international popularity, but it was non until MTVs The Real World that it became an obsession and in this day and age, it can be express that reality television has something for everyone.A reason as to why people watch reality television is that they relate to the participants on it. In reality television shows, many people who are not professional actors get a shot at fame. Survivor is an example of this, where people get an opportunity to win prizes and become noteworthy, counterbalance though they do not have a rich or glamorous background. The feeling that anyone can be a demonstrator is a major reason as to what causes people to watch. Individuals hope that they might get a calamity to win the grand prize and apply for a spot on the show given the opportunity an example of this can be taken by feel at the American Idol auditions and the unmixed amount of people that take part in them. Peter van Beneden while writing about lieuer identif ication with television characters says that according to a study by Sonia Livingstone it was rear that it was not sociological or demographic factors that influenced the interpretation, but psychological factors. The most important factor was identification. Furthermore, people tend to par their own stories to those about the contestants on the show, like how the participants used to live before the show and how the loss of a loved one occurred and affected them. Also, people similarly on the basis of their occupations, some have jobs that are the same as the theme of the show, for example chefs ceremonial Master Chef and aspiring models in America reflexion Americas Next Top Model.Now, a question that might arises from people connecting to characters on reality television shows is whether relating to the characters is good or delusional. Several people believe that it gives individuals surreal expectations, thinking their lives run just work out like that on television. It has been said about reality television that its a classic psychological line of achievement into fantasy (flight as opposed to fight reaction), which, is easier than dealing with anything as real as our own problems (Aazami). However, think of it in this way, if soulfulness is delusional does it really bear upon reality television the concept of people relating to someone existed far before the invention of reality television. Dr. John Grohol said something quite interesting about this, if we kale diagnosing people based upon how much they identify with a particular movie, wow, well have tens of thousands of new diagnoses tomorrow In fact, I see so many teenage and young adult men who think theyre Batman and really identify with that character. Moreover, is identifying with a person on television really that awful? If someone with a similar background is doing something remarkable on television, is that not something to be inspired from rather than something to disregard.Watchin g reality television for amusement creates one of the major controversies going on due to the viewing of reality television. There are many fights on these shows and these attract a lot of spectators. The Jerry Springer show got famous due to all the fights that occurred and the sheer stupidity of the people who were on it. The reason for this show getting popular can be considered that the audience just treasured to be entertained. Fights occur on a lot of reality television shows, where people are confined to a house I think that even a lot of the viewers of Americas Next Top Model watch it for the arguments. Furthermore, in numerous shows people do uncharacteristic things for attention and sometimes this leads to humiliation. Stunts like these tend to make people talk and raise the popularity of the show. Eating weird items to earn money is a concept that has escalated in shows and this is because the creators of the shows realize that most people want to be entertained, not car ing about how it happens and what the consequences are. Again, take the American Idol auditions as an example, at that place are some interviewees that you admire, while others you can not help but laugh at. Using this as an outlet for amusement is not necessarily terrible, because people might use other sources to quell their craving for satisfaction, which might be much more destructive.Another thing to consider is whether laughing at others is moral and ethical. A large amount of people discovery the degradation of others demeaning. Reality television can be considered the guilty pleasure for many individuals and extremely addictive as well, because with a combination of deception, sexual encounters, drunk ramblings and sudden outbursts its no wonder that reality TV keeps viewers glued to their televisions week after week (Rentmeester). However, if the people are instinctive to show their characters with all the quirks they possess with the risk of being laughed at, then why is laughing at them absurd, if they are doing something which is the embodiment of stupidity. Moreover, this kind of content attracts media attention and is probably not something that will end. Moreover, these personateuations are often even left to the perception of an individual and are usually not as harmful as they appear. If someone does something amazing, but embarrassing, would it not be better to commend them for their courage for actually attempting the feat rather than laughing at them. Furthermore, tabloids also make sport of people who have a sense of style which is different compared to the consensus. In comparison to reality television, tabloids are almost never accused to be undignified. In addition, how are the activities shown on reality television shows any different from those shown in magazines?According to the Steven Reiss, the Reiss profile is a comprehensive, standardized, objectively validated instrument that assesses 16 basic psychological needs. Everybo dy embraces all 16 basic needs, but to different extents. One of those 16 basic needs is curiosity, which is the longing for knowledge. This yearning can be highlighted in people watching reality television for incredible people and skills. In the show Stan Lees Superhumans, the host Daniel Browning Smith, whos been dubbed the most flexible man in the world (History.com) travels around the world looking for people that have some extraordinary talents, such as the man who is immune to electricity and the blind man who uses radar to ride his bicycle. My point of view is that humans are fascinated by anything that we ourselves are unable to do. Viewers watch these shows to find out what makes these people different, as most people fork out to appreciate things which they are not familiar with. In addition, many reality television shows contain disabled people doing amazing things, like the hip-hop social dancer who does not have legs has found fame after performing on the Indian vers ion of Britains Got Talent (Arnold). These shows are watched due to the fact that they show acts which we do not see in our daily lives and this curiosity makes us want more of that show. It enlightens people, as to how anything is possible with absolute dedication.People might argue that reality television gives people impracticable expectations and over dramatizes things, but in a way is that not a good thing. Does it not compel people to believe that they can do activities, which they would not even have attempted? Think of reality television as a double edged sword. It gives people a chance to show their special skills and it gives them the opportunity to shine. To someone skilled, it is a weapon that can be used for fame, while to those who are not it might lead to mortification. Think again of American Idol and how the gifted even from small towns have become famous, while those who are less skilled are laughed at and then usually forgotten.Reality television can also be consi dered as a social catalyst. From Reisss profile, it was noted that Significant but small differences were reported on the motives of social contact, honor, order, and romance (Reiss and Wiltz). Most of the 16 motives in the Reiss profile indicate that the people who watch reality television usually long for some kind of human contact, like the motive of family which is the need to raise children (Reiss). Equally important, vengeance which is one of the motives involves other people, although it is a negative characteristic. Furthermore, it gives some people who find it dangerous to start a conversation, a new and interesting topic to discuss with colleagues and friends. Steven Reiss and James Wiltz write relating to this point of view that when they conducted a survey of 239 people it was found thatTwo of the most commonly repeated truths about reality TV viewers are that they watch in order to talk with friends and coworkers about the show, and that they are not as smart as other viewers. But our survey results show that both of these ideas are incorrect. Although some people may watch because it helps them move in the next days office chat, fans and nonfans score almost equally when tested on their sociability.This indicates that fans of reality television have the same sociability compared to those who do not like reality television, so it can be inferred that reality television does not destroy social contact, but actually helps it as it provides people a matter to discuss.Some people argue that sitting at home and watching reality television is a waste of time and homogeneous to end of ones social life, because the person leaves home less and loses socializing abilities. However, reality television lets communities gather together in support of a fellow part of the society in a show, such as when the hometowns of contestants on American Idol come together and have parties to commemorate the participants success. Likewise, people take their families an d friends to sit in the audience of talk shows and game shows, to have fun and watch the show. Hence, if there is so much social contact as a result of these shows, it can be said that reality television is not the killer of social activity that many consider it to be, but rather a puppet that can be used for socializing.Furthermore, there are some people that watch reality television to learn. Reality television is not just fun and games mixed with heaps of drama it does tend to teach a few lessons and skills, every now and then. Such as, there are instructional shows which teach anyone who is willing to watch, about how to cook food, renovate houses and many other activities. Shows like Project Runway help anyone who watches to acquire knowledge about the current fashion trends and informs individuals about clothes and accessories which a person should never wear. Similarly, shows like Who wants to be a Millionaire educates people and raises their general knowledge about the worl d. On these shows, people make a lot of mistakes and rather than just making fun of these mistakes, people can actually gain knowledge from these mistakes. The reason why some people make sure history is not forgotten is to make sure we do not make the same mistakes as our ancestors I think reality television can be used the same way in this generation.The problem countless individuals have with these shows is that the information given on these shows is always the same and nil original ever comes on these shows. Also, one might argue that there are far better methods of learning. However, if people are watching television anyway, should they not do something constructive with their time and watch reality television as a source of information. Also, the knowledge being shown might be something new for some people and it might even educate people on how something common is done properly. Television is appealing. And if you can use that to help teach your child about something, thats pretty powerful, Rivadeneyra says. With reality TV, we can teach our kids to think critically about what theyre watching. Whats real about the shows and whats not. Its important for them to have media literacy (Weinstein).In America, Survivor led the ratings in 2001-02, and Idol has topped the ratings three consecutive years (2004-05, 2005-06, and 2006-07) (Aazami). This evidence suggests that reality television has dominated the world of the television and it is further stated that The shows Survivor, the Idol series, The atrocious Race, the Americas Next Top Model series, the Dancing With The Stars series, The Apprentice, Fear Factor and Big Brother have all had a global effect, having each been successfully syndicated in dozens of countries (Aazami). These statistics are quite compelling, it was noted that Over 15 million people watched the first Survivor that figure rose to 18 million the indorsement week (oregonstate.edu). These numbers keep on escalating, such that 23 milli on tuned in to watch Multi-Millionaire and 51 million watched the finale of Survivor (Reality TVs Real Survivor 77). Also, in a study it was noted that between the ages of 18-29 around 68% of the people either liked or loved reality television (oregonstate.edu). As mentioned before, there are many reasons to watch these shows and thus it attracts such a large audience.In my perspective, people who are against this obsession with reality television do have some good points, such as people spending way too much time watching television and the networks preying on the viewers by present them non-stop advertisements. Nevertheless, there are ways to cut down the number of hours that are spent watching reality television such as, downloading the episodes and only going over the interesting parts, without any advertisements. Also, by not viewing the shows alone and by not watching the elimination episodes one can save huge amounts of time (Pagliarini). Audiences are often made to vote and many consider it a waste of money. However, I think that the huge amount of people who vote, vote because it gives them a feeling of empowerment.Reality TV has given the audience more and more power over the years. Whether you get to vote for the winner, or vote for something the contestants have to do, or just play a game to win a prize, the audience has more to do other than just watch the show. What other shows are there where you can possibly affect the outcome besides Reality TV? (Suzanne). As stated, by going over people how people relate, laugh, admire, socialize and learn using reality television it can be said that reality television does have its negatives, but there are far more advantages of watching reality television. Also, reality television has something that appeals to everyone and if viewed properly, can be of great help in different aspects of life for the viewer. Hence, the obsession which comes with reality television is not something that should be ignored, bu t rather embraced.

Act 5 sc 3 and Act 3 sc 3 in Shakespeares Coriolanus Essay -- Coriola

A tragedy typically deals with the downfall of an big reputation, in a serious mash, via a fatal flaw. The audience would feel upset for the character as his weakness is not his fault and his in his nature. A tragedy has an unhappy ending or ongoing poignant events and during travel 5 sc3 and Act 3 sc3 in Shakespeare?s Coriolanus many of these take place.Coriolanus? weakness is his honesty. As we see later others know how to manipulate this which in turn brings him to his demise. Although he is soft and honourable the common people despise him as he is arrogant about his fighting skills and constantly insults them. ?You dissentious rouges, that, rubbing the poor itch of popular opinion make yourself scabs He speaks his mind and nothing but the truth and because of this the audience first see him as an arrogant character. Due to this at the beginning of the bump the citizens are threatening rebellion and call him ?Chief enemy to the people?Later on in the play the audience see him as small(a) as he doesn?t the like praise for his great bravery in battle. ?I had rather have my wounds heal again than hear reckon how I got them.? Coriolanus is a born fighter and is even named after the Roman god of war Mars (Caius Martius). Because of this he receives the name ?Coriolanus? for his brave acts in battle. His grow Volumnia is a very strong, well spoken woman who has great speaking skills. She has brought Coriolanus up to be strong and fearless and follow her teachings, which causes him to be exactly like her in everyway. He has a great grasp of language and uses this to convey his true feelings.The political system in Rome at the time of the play is a democratic society. This allows the common people to vote for who they want to come to power. This is different to every other city at the time as elsewhere whoever came to power was determined by wealth. This came around after Kings had ruled Rome for years until the last king imposed himself upon a young gi rl, because of the distress accepted she later committed suicide in public. The commoners were furious about this and rose up against the king and took over. They took an oath never to allow another king in Rome and created a republic. The people are split into tribes in which each tribe has one vote determined by majority. Coriolanus believes this system to be untimely as he feels that the commoners aren?t able... ...to this insult immediately which allows Martius to see what he has become.The irony in the scene ultimately makes Coriolanus tragedy apparent. This is due to Coriolanus gradually braggy in to the persuasive techniques of his mother. He had previously said that he would not be turned from his target this gives Aufidius his reason to murder Coriolanus completing his tragedy fully. thither is a long pause and Coriolanus is defeated. He holds his mothers hand and weeps, ?O mother what have you done Martius realises his fate and accepts it with dignity, ?But let it come .? Aufidius now has reason to reanimate his fortune and Coriolanus follows him back to meet his doom. In the end Coriolanus is brought down by his nature. Shakespeare made Coriolanus? love of his mother so strong that he could not decline his nature to deny her. She held so much power over him and without knowing it this led her son to his death. Aristotle?s definition of a tragedy was ?the downfall of an important character via a fatal flaw.? Shakespeare makes this so by making Coriolanus such a noble man. This in turn allows Coriolanus give into his mothers persuasive techniques and leads him to his downfall.

The Role of Adult Basic and Literacy Education Essays -- Adult Educati

The Role of Adult Basic and Literacy EducationWith the passage of the 1988 Family Support feat (FSA), adult canonic and literacy education was linked to welfare reform. Based on experimentation with welfare reform during the previous decade, the FSA created the Job Opportunities and Basic Skills Training plan (JOBS). JOBS, which requires states to make educational services available to welfare recipients, was created in response to the general consensus that welfare recipients are not well prepared to enter the pass water force (Cohen et al. 1994). One of its major underlying assumptions is that a strong foundation of literacy and basic skills is critical to the successful transition to employment and self-sufficiency for AFDC parents-especially young parents (National take for Literacy 1994, p. 2).The educational and skill levels of welfare recipients as a group are lower than that of the general adult population. For example, compared to 27 percent of the general adult populat ion, approximately 50 percent of welfare recipients do not have a high school diploma (NIFL 1994). Also, 30 percent of welfare recipients have basic skills below those of the minimum skill level of all women in the lowest occupational skill areas (Cohen et al. 1994). Thus, to the architects of the FSA, a logical avenue for assisting welfare recipients in achieving economical self-sufficiency was to provide those who needed it adult basic and literacy education services through JOBS. The need for this assistance has subsequently been supported an estimated two-thirds of JOBS enrollees require basic skills enhancement before they are able to enter the work force (ibid.). The other third are placed in employment more immediately, either in the private secto... ...elfare as We Know It? Summary Briefing Paper. Washington, DC NIFL, June 1994. (ED 372 279)Pauly, E. Long, D. A. and Martinson, K. Linking Welfare and Education A Study of New Programs in Five States. New York, NY workforc e Demonstration Research Corporation, May 1992. (ED 346 266)Pauly, E., and Martinson, K. Adult Education-A New Stimulus from Welfare Reform. Adult Learning 5, no. 2 (November-December 1993) 15-16.Reder, S., and Wikelund, K. R. Steps to Success Literacy Development in a Welfare-to-Work Program. Portland, OR Literacy, Language & Communication Program, Northwest Regional Educational Laboratory, November 1994.Wikelund, K. R. Motivations for Learning Voices of Women Welfare Reform Participants. NCAL Technical Report TR93-10. Philadelphia National Center on Adult Literacy, University of Pennsylvania, October 1993. (ED 364 748).